Gambaran Faktor-faktor Pada Kejadian Post Operative Nausea Vomiting General Anestesi di RSU Kertha Usada Leoni Rosa Sinensis Fakultas Kesehatan Program Studi D IV Keperawatan Anestesiologi Institut Teknologi dan Kesehatan Bali Email: [email protected] ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Anestesi umum adalah salah satu teknik anestesi yang mengakibatkan adanya perubahan pada fisiologis yang bersifat reversibel seperti hilangnya kesadaran, analgesia, imobilitas, dan amnesia. Pada pasca anestesi, sebagian kecil pasien biasanya mengalami komplikasi diantaranya hipoksemia, hipotensi, hipertensi, mual dan muntah. Penyebab Post Operative Nausea Vomiting sering dihubungkan dengan berbagai faktor. Faktor-faktor tersebut dikategoriakan ke dalam faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan pasien, faktor risiko anestesi, dan faktor risiko pembedahan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui apakah “Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Post Operative Nausea Vomiting dengan general anestesi di RSU Kertha Usada. Metode: Desain penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif observatyonal analitic. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 120 responden melalui teknik consecutive sampling. Alat pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden yang mengalami mual dan muntah terbanyak pada umur 26-30 tahun dengan 5 responden (12.5 %), jenis kelamin perempuan dengan 6 responden (7.9%), jenis pembedahan bedah umum 7 responden (9.1%), berdasarkan teknik anestesi yaitu ETT 6 responden (8.6%), berdasarkan ASA yaitu ASA 1 5 responden (11.9%), riwayat operasi tidak pernah operasi dengan 9 responden (8.8 %), berdasarkan lama operasi 1 jam 6 responden (10.9%), berdasarkan ekstubasi dalam 6 responden (10.9 %). Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi mual dan muntah pasca bedah pada pasien anestesi umum di Rumah Sakit Kertha usada pada teknik anestesi serta variabel lain yang turut mempengaruhi mual dan muntah pasca bedah pada pasien anestesi umum di Rumah Sakit Umum Kerha Usada yaitu jenis kelamin, umur, dan jenis pembedahan. Kata Kunci: Anestesi umum, post operative nausea vomiting

THE FACTORS IN THE OCCURRENCE OF POST-OPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING IN GENERAL ANESTHESIA AT KERTHA USADA HOSPITAL Leoni Rosa Sinensis Faculty of Health Diploma IV Nursing Anesthesiology Institute of Technology and Health Bali Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Background: General anesthesia is an anesthetic technique that reverses physiological changes such as loss of consciousness, analgesia, immobility, and amnesia. In post-anesthesia, a small proportion of patients usually experience complications, including hypoxemia, hypotension, hypertension, nausea, and vomiting. The causes of Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) are often associated with various factors. These factors were categorized into patient-related risk factors, anesthetic risk factors, and surgical risk factors. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors related to the occurrence of PONV in general anesthesia at Kertha Usada Hospital. Method: This study employed a descriptive quantitative observational analytical research design. The research sample was 120 respondents recruited through a consecutive sampling technique. The data were collected using an observation sheet. Results: Findings indicated that the majority of respondents who experienced nausea and vomiting were at the age of 26-30 years, with 5 respondents (12.5%), 6 respondents (7.9%) female, 7 respondents (9.1%) undergoing general surgery. Moreover, 6 respondents (8.6%) used the ETT anesthetic technique, 5 respondents (11.9%) based on the ASA 1, 9 respondents (8.8%) never had surgery experience, 6 respondents (10.9%) had a surgery duration of 1 hour, and 6 respondents (10.9%) underwent internal extubation. Conclusion: The factors that affect PONV in general anesthesia patients at Kertha Usada Hospital on anesthetic techniques and other variables are gender, age, and the type of surgery. Keywords: General Anesthesia, Post Operative Nausea Vomiting